Ozone Concentrations in water treatment;

1. In water treatment, the solubility of ozone scope is 0.1mg / L ~ 10mg / L. The lower concentration could be for water disinfection and purification. And a high concentration could be as "ozone water disinfectant";

2. Tap water purification: International concentration level is 0.4PPM ( Mg/L), the treating time is 4 minute. The CT will be 1.6;

3. The dissolved ozone concentration 0.1-0.5Mg/L in water, to meet disinfection purposes within 5-10 minutes.

4. Ozone water disinfection and sterilization is rapid and occur in an instant. To kill the bacteria in 0.5-1.0 minute; Under the concentration of 4PPM (mg / L) to kill hepatitis B virus 100% in 1.0 minute.

5. Herbold reports: Under 20 ℃ conditions, the ozone concentration in water 0.43mg / L, can be 100% kill of E. coli, and under the 10 ℃ to kill all E. Coli at 0.36Mg/L only;

6. The ozone concentration 0.25-0.38Mg/L, kill all HAV in the several minute.

7. Mineral water: The solubility of ozone in the 0.4 ~ 0.5mg / L can meet the requirements of sterilization. The ozone dosage is 1.5 ~ 2.0mg /L.

8. Bottled water: Require the ozone dissolved in water 0.3-0.5mg/L; The ozone dosage is 2 grams per 1000 liters water. According to practical experience, the ozone gas concentrations higher than 8mg / L will be susceptible to meet this level.

Ozone Safety standard:

Ozone industrial hygiene standards:

1#: International Ozone Association: 0.1 ppm, the contacting time 10 hours;

2#: USA: 0.1PPM; the contacting time: 8 hours;

3#: Germany, France, Japan: 0.1PPM;

4#: China: 0.16 mg/m3

1. The home ozone disinfection ozone leakage outside the cabinet must not exceed 0.2mg/m3 (1.5 m away), disinfection residual concentration after a period not more than 0.2mg /m3;

2. Animal tests showed that the ozone concentration of the starting point of toxic 0.3ppm, and people can smell of ozone concentration 0.02 ~ 0.04ppm; According to the toxicity of ozone on pulmonary function test results, the 1.5 ~ 2.0ppm ozone concentration allowed limit. Ministry of Health provides the maximum allowable concentration of ozone is 0.2mg / m3;

3. Generally, the main application of ozone are determined the ozone output; divided into gaseous and liquid sterilized;

4. Basically, the different source feeding will affect the ozone gas concentration, output, and Purity; Gas source is generally divided into ordinary air, dry air source, the source of oxygen-rich and oxygen gas source four kinds of industrial;

5. The above gas source based on the same equipment, the ozone concentration and output will be ascending order; Generally speaking, it should not be configured ordinary gas source, as this would affect

the life of ozone generator and lead to instability; According to the purpose an application, the common gas source can be roughly divided into the following

Dry air source：Air disinfection, tap water treatment, swimming pool, aquaculture,

Water production cycle, Reclaimed Water;

Oxygen-rich source:

The application need higher ozone concentration; Such as: purified water plant, Mineral water, waste water treatment, medicine and food processing workshop.

Industrial oxygen source :

Require the higher purity, higher concentration ozone, a small ozone output;

Disinfection applications for large scale space; such as: medicine and food processing workshop. Generally, to install special pipes in the workshop, make the ozone gas well-distributed, and passing through the central air-conditioning duct pipe, but it will result in air-conditioning duct corrosion of metal parts and ozone depletion.

Application on water treatment：

To dissolve the ozone gas in water with gas liquid mixing equipment; Generally divided into aeration, venturi, negative pressure suction and mixing pump. Above dissolved efficiency in water will be improved gradually;

1#: Aeration: Tap water plant, aquaculture, water production cycle, Sewage water,

Industrial wastewater;

2#: Venturi; Secondary water supply, purified water plant, Mineral water, aquaculture

water cooling, Swimming pool;

3#: Negative pressure suction: small water volume treatment.

4#: Gas-liquid mixing pump; Small water volume or ozone disinfectant application.

Supplementary:

Home air disinfection：Install the ozone generator in air conditioner, and meanwhile install the ozone catakytic decomposition and adsorption device at the air outlet, to take advantage of the indoor air circulating to use for air disinfection, purification. The decomposed oxygen and the negative ions can keep indoor air fresh; Ozone air purifier use on hotel, restaurant, super market, theater and others public place.

Ozone produced and the normal application concentration;

The half -life of ozone is 30-60 minute only. Because of its instability, easy to decompose, it can’t store as the general products and must require on-site manufacturing;

The ozone concentration scope is 10-20mg/L if produced by air, and 20-40mg/L by the oxygen. The ozone (1%-4% by weight) in the air can be used for water disinfection.

Generally, there are two methods to produce ozone. One is corona discharge technology which adopts the dry air or dry oxygen as raw feeding material. The second is PEM technology (Proton exchange membrane), the feeding raw material is pure water.

The advantage of PEM technology as following:

1#: No ionic contamination

2#: Treated water to be sterilized by the ozone gas produced by pure water, thus no other contaminants from the outside system.

3#: Could produce higher concentration ozone gas.

Attention:

1#: Ozone is used for stable system (stable water quality and stable water flow). Need to adjust the ozone dosage on time when the system changed. It will be certain difficult to adjusting timely in actual production.

2#: Another question must be considered is the content of organic matter in water. When the turbidity of the water is less than 5mg / L, the consequent of ozone sterilization will be very small. Basically, the disinfection consequent will be affected when the turbidity increased. Meanwhile, the ozone consumption will rise if the organic content in water is high, and the disinfection ability will decreased. Because of ozone consumed in the organic matter firstly, but not kill bacteria aspects. Therefore, many foreign pharmaceutical industries install the (TOC) monitoring control project when treat the wastewater treatment.

In many applications, both ozone and chlorine are as disinfectant, their advantages are complementary. Ozone has a rapid bactericidal effect and inactivated virus, and good result for the odour removal, taste and color removal. Chlorine is lasting, flexible, can be controlled for bactericidal effect, can be used continuously in the pipe network system; Therefore, combine both ozone and chlorine in water treatment system will be an ideal disinfectant.

The superiority of ozone disinfection methods:

Superior chemical disinfection methods: As efficient broad-spectrum disinfectant has special advantage. There is no residual contaminated gas produced than the common disinfectants used on food industry.

1#: The ozone bactericidal ability is similar with C2H4O3, and higher than KMno4, HCHO and SO2;

2#: Ozone itself is decomposed into oxygen, no residual contamination, no need ventilation after sterilization;

3#: Conventional disinfection required ventilation or chemical neutralization after sterilization, it will be a trouble and meanwhile reduce disinfection effect.

4#: Ozone can be directly used for the food sterilization or fresh keeping and mold preventing; The food oxidation is very small, and no harmless for food.

Superior to UV irradiation;

1#: Ozone can expand everywhere well. Ultraviolet radiation will have bactericidal effect only when irradiate to the surface only and must with the certain irradiation intensity criteria. Generally, the food workshop will be high. And the ultraviolet radiation intensity is not enough, and hardly to reach every corners, such as under the processing board.

2#: The required disinfection time is short. Basically need 1 hour under the permitted ozone concentration, and exceed 6 hours for UV irradiation;

3#: The ozone disinfection effect under the higher humidity will be better. The Ultraviolet disinfection effect will decreased much if the humidity up to 60%, and may induce bacteria resurrection if the humidity up to 80%; However, ozone sterilization effect will be better with humidity growing. This is because the cell membrane under high humidity expansion thinning, the organization is easily to be destroyed by ozone. The higher humidity environment is very common in food processing industry. So to choose ozone as disinfection will be particularly suitable.

4#: Ozone has lower concentration keep cleaning function. Personnel must leave when UV irradiation production, and after production, can’t use the low-power ultraviolet radiation to keep cleaning; The personnel must leave too when the ozone generator working, but after working can reduce the ozone amount to keep cleaning;

Deodorizing purification effect is good

Ozone has strong oxidizing properties, can quickly decompose the odour smell and other organic or inorganic substances to meet the level of deodorizing purification, the odor source material is broken down into harmless substances;

Concentration:

3~6%wt: air feeding source ozone generator; 6~14%wt: oxygen feeding source ozone generator.

Power consumption of ozone generator:

18~30KW/kg: Air feeding source ozone generator;

9~15KW/kg: Oxygen feeding source ozone generator;

Main function of ozone:

1#: Food purification; To decompose the residual chemical fertilizer, pesticides and other toxic substances in fruits, vegetables and foodstuff; Remove the antibiotics, chemical additives, hormones and other harmful substances in the meat, eggs, kill Halophilic bacteria in the seafood;

2#: Drinking water purification: The tap water after ozone treating is a kind of high quality drinking water; Injecting ozone gas in every 1 liter tap water for 2 minutes, can to remove the residual chlorine, taste and heavy metals in water, and up to the level of sterilization and disinfection. To prevent the formation of trichloromethane (CHCl3), increase the oxygen content in the water to be the ideal of pure drinking water.

3#: Disinfection and Sterilization for dining utensils; Put the washed dining utensils into the ozonated water for 20 minutes to remove residual detergent. To kill Bacteria and virus to instead of the normal disinfection cabinet; avoiding the utensils of infectious diseases, also be used for disinfection for clothing, towels, rags and socks.

4#. Air purification: Hang the ozone exhaust pipe 1.7 meters above, keeping the ozone emission 20--30 minutes to remove indoor smoke and dust, decoration odour. Increase the oxygen content in the air, clean air. Let you enjoy the fresh at home like the air after the rain in forest (applied family, office, conference rooms, entertainment and others public place for smoke or dust or taste removal and disinfection);

5#: fruits and vegetables fresh keeping, mildew proof: inject the ozone gas in the bag of fruits or vegetables for 2 hours, can extand the freshness date 7 days. And also cab be used for mildew proof of vegetable cellar, fruit and vegetable transportation.

At present in the world, pure water, natural water (mountain spring water, mineral water, groundwater is filtered and other steps), has been widely adopted ozone gas for disinfection. In tap water purification, the international standard for 0.4mg/L dissolve degrees for 4 minutes, the CT value is 1.6. The reference value as following: